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The core members were arrested and executed following a distribution of leaflets in Munich University by Hans and Sophie Scholl. In the course of Dachau’s history, at least 160,000 prisoners passed through the main camp, and 90,000 through the subcamps. Another devastating fire destroyed parts of the city in 1429. It is officially reported that 30 SS guards were killed in this fashion, but conspiracy theorists have alleged that more than 10 times that number were executed by the American liberators. As the bombings continued, more and more people moved out. Elector Ferdinand Maria's consort Henriette Adelaide of Savoy invited numerous Italian architects and artists to the city, and built the Theatinerkirche and Nymphenburg palace on the occasion of the birth of their son and heir Maximilian II Emanuel, elector of Bavaria. Otto's heirs, the Wittelsbach dynasty would rule Bavaria until 1918. This sanctioned Henry's spoliation, and awarded an annual compensation for the bishop, and also confirmed Munich's trading and currency rights. After the citizenry revolted several times against the dukes, a new castle was built close to the fortification, starting in 1385. The occupation led to bloody uprisings against the Austrian imperial troops followed by a massacre while farmers were rioting (the "Sendlinger Mordweihnacht" or Sendling's Night of Murder). Several games of the 1974 World Cup were also held in the city, including the German triumph against the Netherlands in a legendary final. All Rights Reserved. Since the town fathers considered themselves threatened by the Hussites, the fortification was extended. During French air raids in 1916 three bombs fell on Munich. READ MORE: Holocaust Photos Reveal Horrors of Nazi Concentration Camps. Philosophers like Michael of Cesena, Marsilius of Padua and William of Ockham supported Louis IV in his fight with the papacy and were protected at the emperor's court. With the advance of Allied forces against Germany in April 1945, the Germans transferred prisoners from concentration camps near the front to Dachau, leading to a general deterioration of conditions and typhus epidemics. The Catholic League was founded in Munich in 1609. ", Sternberg, Rolf, and Christine Tamásy. When Bavaria was reunited in 1506 Munich became capital of the whole of Bavaria. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. The memorial is located on 7.4 acres on the former site of the Rainbow Pool at the National ...read more, On April 129, 1974, President Richard Nixon announces to the public that he will release transcripts of 46 taped White House conversations in response to a Watergate trial subpoena issued in July 1973. “You probably don’t have to be a supporter of Eugene McCarthy to ...read more, A jury in the Los Angeles suburb of Simi Valley acquits four police officers who had been charged with using excessive force in arresting black motorist Rodney King a year earlier. "Shaping Public Opinion through Architecture and Urban Design: Perspectives on Ludwig I and His Building Program for a “New Munich”. During the 16th century Munich was a center of the German counter reformation, and also of renaissance arts. Incomplete records indicate that at least 32,000 of the inmates perished at Dachau and its subcamps, but countless more were shipped to extermination camps elsewhere. After Communists had taken power, Lenin, who had lived in Munich some years before, sent a congratulatory telegram, but the Soviet Republic was put down on May 3, 1919 by the Freikorps. To force traders to use his bridge (and charge them for doing so) Henry also destroyed a nearby bridge owned by bishop Otto von Freising (Freising). Following the outbreak of World War I in 1914, life in Munich became very difficult, as the Allied blockade of Germany led to food and fuel shortages. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. One of the examples of Nazi architecture in München is the Haus der Deutschen Kunst, an art museum designed by architect Paul Ludwig Troost. The revolt failed, resulting in Hitler's arrest and the temporary crippling of the Nazi Party, which was virtually unknown outside Munich. Inside the camp there were more bodies and 30,000 survivors, most severely emaciated. Some 1,900 guests attended the ceremony, while another 1 million spectators lined the streets of London and an estimated 2 ...read more, In Los Angeles, California, four Los Angeles police officers that had been caught beating an unarmed African American motorist in an amateur video are acquitted of any wrongdoing in the arrest. In 1623 during the Thirty Years' War Munich became electoral residence when Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria was invested with the electoral dignity but in 1632 the city was occupied by Gustav II Adolph of Sweden. Of a middle-class Catholic background, Braun spent her time with Hitler out of public ...read more. Hundreds of prisoners died or were crippled as a result of these experiments. 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