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The father of Helene the Greeks like everybody else hold to be not Tyndareos (Tyndareus) but Zeus. Nemesis did not thrust him away, but holding him in her arms, fell into a deep sleep. Rich-haired Nemesis gave birth to her [Helene (Helen)] when she had been joined in love with Zeus the king of the gods by harsh violence. Now she took the form of a fish and sped over the waves of the loud-roaring sea, and now over Okeanos' (Oceanus') stream and the furthest bounds of Earth, and now she sped over the furrowed land, always turning into such dread creatures as the dry land nurtures, that she might escape him. The parents of Nemesis were Erebus and Nyx. Nemesis (Greek:νεμεσις, similar to νείμειν, meaning "to give what is due") in Greek mythology was the spirit of divine retribution against those who succumb to hubris (pride). She was considered a remorseless goddess. § 1). Ammianus Marcellinus includes her in a digression on Justice following his description of the death of Gallus Caesar. I will now go on to describe what is figures on the pedestal of the statue [of Nemesis at Rhamnos], having made this preface for the sake of clearness. § 3, vii. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd AD) : Bacchylides, Fragment 52 (from Tzetzes on Theogony) (trans. She was worshipped by a society called Hadrian's freedmen. There she was a daughter of Oceanus, the primeval river-ocean that encircles the world. He was a young man who was very arrogant and disdained those who loved him. She kept it in a box, and when Helene was hatched after the proper length of time, she reared her as her own. and mentioned her "adamantine bridles" that restrain "the frivolous insolences of mortals". Nemesis was worshipped by the Romans, (who invoked her on the Capitol), as a divinity who possessed the power of averting the pernicious consequences of envy. [7] Her cult may have originated at Smyrna. Tartaros is the spirit of the great pit beneath the earth. Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th BC) : This page was last edited on 26 November 2020, at 20:21. See Also: Narcissus, Oceanus, Erebus, Nyx. [N.B. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd AD) : Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. The reason for this duality is hard to explain. 4 (trans. In early times the representations of Nemesis resembled Aphrodite, who sometimes bears the epithet Nemesis. Nemesis was the ancient Greek goddess of divine retribution. Praef.) 223, Op. Nemesis was one of several tutelary deities of the drill-ground (as Nemesis campestris). One source of the myth says that Nemesis was the mother of the Telchines, who others say were children of Pontus and Gaea or Thalassa. She was later also known as Rhamnousia and Rhamnusia. But Zeus ever pursued and longed in his heart to catch her. ad Lyc. Nemesis has been described as the daughter of Oceanus or Zeus, but according to Hyginus she was a child of Erebus and Nyx. Nemesis, her devotees and her place in the Roman world are fully discussed, with examples, in Hornum, Michael B., "Nemesis – Origin and history of nemesis by Online Etymology Dictionary", "Metamorphoses (Kline) 3, the Ovid Collection, Univ. [5] Hesiod states: "Also deadly Nyx bore Nemesis an affliction to mortals subject to death" (Theogony, 223, though perhaps an interpolated line). Rather, she seems to have represented a kind of "Imperial Fortuna" who dispensed Imperial retribution on the one hand, and Imperially subsidized gifts on the other; both were functions of the popular gladiatorial Ludi held in Roman arenas. Stasinus of Cyprus or Hegesias of Aegina, Cypria Fragment 8 (trans. It included a crown of stags and little Nikes and was made by Pheidias after the Battle of Marathon (490 BC), crafted from a block of Parian marble brought by the overconfident Persians, who had intended to make a memorial stele after their expected victory. She is portrayed as a winged goddess wielding a whip or a dagger. Later, as the maiden goddess of proportion and the avenger of crime, she has as attributes a measuring rod (tally stick), a bridle, scales, a sword, and a scourge, and she rides in a chariot drawn by griffins. She is implacable justice: that of Zeus in the Olympian scheme of things, although it is clear she existed prior to him, as her images look similar to several other goddesses, such as Cybele, Rhea, Demeter, and Artemis.[6]. 8 (trans. Unable to abandon his reflection, he died there. Nemesis: GreekMythology.com - Nov 27, 2020, Greek Mythology iOS Volume Purchase Program VPP for Education App. (Pseudo-Apollodorus) R. Scott Smith, Stephen Trzaskoma, and Hyginus. At Smyrna there were two manifestations of Nemesis, more akin to Aphrodite than to Artemis. She was sometimes called "Adrasteia", probably meaning "one from whom there is no escape"; her epithet Erinys ("implacable") is specially applied to Demeter and the Phrygian mother goddess, Cybele. A festival called Nemeseia (by some identified with the Genesia) was held at Athens. It is suggested that they represent two aspects of the goddess, the kindly and the implacable, or the goddesses of the old city and the new city refounded by Alexander. [citation needed]. Constellation Swan (Cygnus). et D. 183). Nemesis, as she fled from Zeus' embrace, took the form of a goose; whereupon Zeus as a swan had intercourse with her. O. Gruppe (1906) and others connect the name with "to feel just resentment". or of Oceanus (Tzetz. Nemesis the goddess (perhaps of fertility) was worshipped at Rhamnus in Attica and was very similar to Artemis (a goddess of wild animals, vegetation, childbirth, and the hunt). The four famous Telkhines (Telchines), Aktaios (Actaeus), Megalesios (Megalesius), Ormenos (Ormenus) and Lykos (Lycus), whom Bakkhylides (Bacchylides) calls the children of Nemesis and Tartaros. Her Roman counterpart was Invidia, […] Nemesis was widely used in the Greek tragedies and various other literary works, being the deity that would give what was due to the protagonist. Because he was seen by men flying high in the sky, they said he was put in the stars. She was also called Adrasteia, meaning “the inescapable,” or the “Goddess of Rhamnous” in recognition of her famous temple in the city Rhamnous. [citation needed]. 236, note I). of Virginia E-Text Center", Important Facts on Nemesis in Greek Mythology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nemesis&oldid=990841012, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. While many myths indicate Zeus and Leda to be the parents of Helen of Troy, the author of the compilation of myth called Bibliotheke notes the possibility of Nemesis being the mother of Helen. [2], The name Nemesis is related to the Greek word νέμειν némein, meaning "to give what is due",[3] from Proto-Indo-European nem- "distribute".[4]. [2], Goddess of retribution in Greek mythology. The Greeks say that Nemesis was the mother of Helene (Helen), while Leda suckled and nursed her. According to another myth, Nemesis created an egg, from which two sets of twins hatched; one set was Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra, and the other was the Dioscuri. She has also been described, by Hesiod, as the daughter of Nyx alone. As such, she meted out punishment for evil deeds, undeserved good fortune, and hubris (arrogance before the gods). arrogance before the gods. After he rejected the advances of the nymph Echo, Nemesis lured him to a pool where he caught sight of his own reflection and fell in love with it, eventually dying.[9]. Nemesis, to avoid Zeus, turns into a goose, but he turns into a swan and mates with her anyway. Nemesis appears in a still more concrete form in a fragment of the epic Cypria. She was often called "Goddess of Rhamnous", … 88; Paus. Nemesis led him to a pool, where he saw his reflection and fell in love with it. Nemesis is frequently called Adrastia, and also Rhamnusia, from Rhamnus in Attica, the chief seat of her worship, which contained a celebrated statue of the goddess. She was often called "Goddess of Rhamnous", an isolated place in Attica, where a temple was attributed to her. Theog. From it sprang Helen, who excelled all other girls in beauty. Fab. [citation needed] Later, Nemesis came to suggest the resentment caused by any disturbance of this right proportion, the sense of justice that could not allow it to pass unpunished. To make this really true, Jupiter put the swan flying and the eagle pursuing in the sky. Its object was to avert the nemesis of the dead, who were supposed to have the power of punishing the living, if their cult had been in any way neglected (Sophocles, Electra, 792; E. Rohde, Psyche, 1907, i. The name Nemesis is related to the Greek word νέμειν némein, meaning "to give what is due", from Proto-Indo-European nem- "distribute". Nemesis was widely used in the Greek tragedies and various other literary works, being the deity that would give what was due to the protagonist. In Greek Mythology, Nemesis was the Goddess of vengeful fate, rightful retribution, or revenge as represented in her name which has a rough translation of “to give what is due” from Greek language/ dialect to English. Nemesis, in Greek religion, two divine conceptions, the first an Attic goddess, the daughter of Nyx (Night), and the second an abstraction of indignant disapproval, later personified. It was believed that she was the daughter of the primordial god Oceanus. 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