the meaning of india

[300] Some 431 million Indians have left poverty since 1985; India's middle classes are projected to number around 580 million by 2030. [j][187], India's forest cover is 701,673 km2 (270,917 sq mi), which is 21.35% of the country's total land area. ", one of the world's fastest-growing economies, more than five hundred wildlife sanctuaries, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, million-plus urban agglomerations in India, National Academy of Music, Dance, and Drama, History of education in the Indian subcontinent, "Ministry of Home Affairs (Department of Border Management)", "National Symbols | National Portal of India", "National anthem of India: a brief on 'Jana Gana Mana, "Constitutional Provisions – Official Language Related Part-17 of the Constitution of India", "There's no national language in India: Gujarat High Court", "Learning with the Times: India doesn't have any 'national language, "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)", "Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Seventeenth edition) : India", Ethnologue : Languages of the World (Seventeenth edition) : Statistical Summaries, "C −1 Population by religious community – 2011", Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Population Enumeration Data (Final Population)", "A – 2 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901", "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2021", "List of all left- & right-driving countries around the world", "The British royal family and the colonial empire from the Georgians to Prince George", "The impact of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017", International Union for the Conservation of Nature, "An ecology-based policy framework for human-tiger coexistence in India", Ministry of Information and Broadcasting 2007, "India's tiger census shows rapid population growth", 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T44694A10927987.en, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54584A11155448.en, Ministry of Environments and Forests 1972, Department of Environment and Forests 1988, Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands, "BJP first party since 1984 to win parliamentary majority on its own", "Highlights: Ram Nath Kovind takes oath as India's 14th President", "In RTI reply, Centre says India has no national game", "Cabinet approves scrapping of 2 seats reserved for Anglo-Indians in Parliament", "Explained: Anglo-Indian quota, its history, MPs", "No ties with Pakistan at India's cost, relations with New Delhi long-term: Russia | India News", "Make-in-India: Plan to develop 5th-generation fighter aircraft", "The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft:A Technical Analysis", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 2008, Stockholm International Peace Research Initiative 2012, "Isro-Saarc satellite to be a communication vehicle", "India Russia S-400 missile deal: All you need to know", "Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)", "Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)", "Growth in organised dairy sector, a boost for rural livelihood", Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2007, "India world's second largest textiles exporter", "India's carbon emissions fall for first time in four decades", "Indian smartphone market grows 23% to overtake US in Q3; Samsung, Xiaomi drive shipments", "India's total power capacity crosses 300 gw mark", "Indian biotech industry at critical juncture, global biotech stabilises: Report", "Indian pharmaceutical industry – growth story to continue", "Why the World Bank is changing the definition of the word "poor, "Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)", "India's rank improves to 55th position on global hunger index", "India is home to 194 million hungry people: UN", "India home to world's largest number of hungry people: report", "Bonded labourers, sex workers, forced beggars: India leads world in slavery", "India ranks fourth in global slavery survey", "India improves its ranking on corruption index", Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 India, "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above", "Global Muslim population estimated at 1.57 billion", United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation, "The Digital March Media & Entertainment in South India", "What divorce and separation tell us about modern India", "More than 63 million women 'missing' in India, statistics show", "A Generation of Girls Is Missing in India – Sex-selective abortion fuels a cycle of patriarchy and abuse", "Woman killed over dowry 'every hour' in India", "Rising number of dowry deaths in India:NCRB", HRD to increase nearly 25 pc seats in varsities to implement 10 pc quota for poor in gen category, "Evolution of Indian Costume as a result of the links between Central Asia and India in ancient and medieval times", "Potato: historically important vegetable", "The History of the Spice Trade in India", "The Middle East and 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World Championships", "Sushil Kumar Wins Gold in World Wrestling Championship", Indian State district block village website, Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators, Fundamental rights, principles and duties, Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D), Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI), Historical exchange rates data of the Indian rupee, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, SAARC Consortium on Open and Distance Learning, South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme, Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India&oldid=1021963667, English-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, Member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, States and territories established in 1947, Member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Wikipedia indefinitely 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It was marked by British reforms but also repressive legislation, by more strident Indian calls for self-rule, and by the beginnings of a nonviolent movement of non-co-operation, of which Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi would become the leader and enduring symbol. [330], According to a 2016 Walk Free Foundation report there were an estimated 18.3 million people in India, or 1.4% of the population, living in the forms of modern slavery, such as bonded labour, child labour, human trafficking, and forced begging, among others. The kameez is a long shirt or tunic. [400] The Hindi language film industry (Bollywood) is the largest sector representing 43% of box office revenue, followed by the South Indian Telugu and Tamil film industries which represent 36% combined. [219] Again in the 2004 Indian general elections, no party won an absolute majority, but the Congress emerged as the largest single party, forming another successful coalition: the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). Breaking news coverage and analysis on US presidential election, politics, current affairs, business & sports. [162], India accounts for the bulk of the Indian subcontinent, lying atop the Indian tectonic plate, a part of the Indo-Australian Plate. [257] India has close economic ties with countries in South America,[258] Asia, and Africa; it pursues a "Look East" policy that seeks to strengthen partnerships with the ASEAN nations, Japan, and South Korea that revolve around many issues, but especially those involving economic investment and regional security. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. [217] Elections were held again in 1991; no party won an absolute majority. Primary schools taught literacy, so local diversity limited its growth. ‘‘Golf India Foxtrot pass your message.’’. [347] According to the 2011 census, there are 53 million-plus urban agglomerations in India; among them Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad, in decreasing order by population. [373] The style spread to Hindu courts, especially among the Rajputs, and developed a variety of styles, with the smaller courts often the most innovative, with figures such as Nihâl Chand and Nainsukh. Traditional Indian society is sometimes defined by social hierarchy. [275] The official Indian defence budget for 2011 was US$36.03 billion, or 1.83% of GDP. [254] In the late 1980s, the Indian military twice intervened abroad at the invitation of the host country: a peace-keeping operation in Sri Lanka between 1987 and 1990; and an armed intervention to prevent a 1988 coup d'état attempt in the Maldives. [369] But in the South, under the Pallava and Chola dynasties, sculpture in both stone and bronze had a sustained period of great achievement; the large bronzes with Shiva as Nataraja have become an iconic symbol of India. [124] Newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Marathas, the Rajputs, and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. A 1909 map showing India's forests, bush and small wood, cultivated lands, steppe, and desert. [103] When Harsha of Kannauj, who ruled much of the Indo-Gangetic Plain from 606 to 647 CE, attempted to expand southwards, he was defeated by the Chalukya ruler of the Deccan. [102] This renewal was reflected in a flowering of sculpture and architecture, which found patrons among an urban elite. Indian dance also features diverse folk and classical forms. A bindi is a bright dot … In white-collar office settings, ubiquitous air conditioning allows men to wear sports jackets year-round. [204] India hosts more than five hundred wildlife sanctuaries and thirteen biosphere reserves,[205] four of which are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves; twenty-five wetlands are registered under the Ramsar Convention. [399] Established regional cinematic traditions exist in the Assamese, Bengali, Bhojpuri, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Gujarati, Marathi, Odia, Tamil, and Telugu languages. The UPA returned to power in the 2009 general election with increased numbers, and it no longer required external support from India's communist parties. [80] The Vedas, the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism,[81] were composed during this period,[82] and historians have analysed these to posit a Vedic culture in the Punjab region and the upper Gangetic Plain. (ĭn′dē-ə) 1. [315] At the end of 2011, the Indian IT industry employed 2.8 million professionals, generated revenues close to US$100 billion equalling 7.5% of Indian GDP, and contributed 26% of India's merchandise exports. The kameez is usually cut straight and flat; older kameez use traditional cuts; modern kameez are more likely to have European-inspired set-in sleeves. Federalism in India defines the power distribution between the union and the states. [402][403] The state monopoly on television broadcast ended in the 1990s. [426][427], The most widely worn traditional dress in India, for both women and men, from ancient times until the advent of modern times, was draped. [55] "The country's exact size is subject to debate because some borders are disputed. [294], The 513.7-million-worker Indian labour force is the world's second-largest, as of 2016[update]. Common terms and phrases. These parallel chains run from the Arabian Sea coast in Gujarat in the west to the coal-rich Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand in the east. Social classes are defined by thousands of endogamous hereditary groups, often termed as jātis, or "castes". [188] It predominates in the temperate coniferous forest of the Himalayas, the moist deciduous sal forest of eastern India, and the dry deciduous teak forest of central and southern India. [127][128] The East India Company's control of the seas, greater resources, and more advanced military training and technology led it to increasingly assert its military strength and caused it to become attractive to a portion of the Indian elite; these factors were crucial in allowing the company to gain control over the Bengal region by 1765 and sideline the other European companies. [58] Its forest cover comprises 21.4% of its area. 2. [129][127][130][131] Its further access to the riches of Bengal and the subsequent increased strength and size of its army enabled it to annexe or subdue most of India by the 1820s. Hindu and Jain sites appear rather later. 1,246,880 sq. [467], India has hosted or co-hosted several international sporting events: the 1951 and 1982 Asian Games; the 1987, 1996, and 2011 Cricket World Cup tournaments; the 2003 Afro-Asian Games; the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy; the 2010 Hockey World Cup; the 2010 Commonwealth Games; and the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup. Read Top News in India and around the World on Times of India. [14] India has the third-largest Muslim population—the largest for a non-Muslim majority country. The BJP formed a government briefly in 1996; it was followed by two comparatively long-lasting United Front coalitions, which depended on external support. [172] Important tributaries of the Ganges include the Yamuna and the Kosi; the latter's extremely low gradient, caused by long-term silt deposition, leads to severe floods and course changes. [114], In the early 16th century, northern India, then under mainly Muslim rulers,[116] fell again to the superior mobility and firepower of a new generation of Central Asian warriors. [359] After this there is a long period with virtually nothing surviving. Widespread state intervention and regulation largely walled the economy off from the outside world. [432] The side seams are left open below the waist-line,[433]), which gives the wearer greater freedom of movement. By 400 BCE, stratification and exclusion by caste had emerged within Hinduism,[30] [167] To the south, the remaining peninsular landmass, the Deccan Plateau, is flanked on the west and east by coastal ranges known as the Western and Eastern Ghats;[168] the plateau contains the country's oldest rock formations, some over one billion years old. 2. and rising levels of air pollution. [358], South Asia has an ancient tradition of art, which has exchanged influences with the parts of Eurasia. [189] Open forest, whose canopy density is between 10% and 40%, occupies 9.14% of India's land area,[188] and predominates in the babul-dominated thorn forest of the central Deccan Plateau and the western Gangetic plain. The BJP was able to form a minority government led by P. V. Narasimha Rao family, leading to subordination! Wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, and northeast India classical Sanskrit literature flowered well! For regional Cooperation and the Ganges river dolphin ] Deaths resulting from dowry, although,. Is rarely worn by younger women, 67.3 years for women, is expected to become around! Elected India 's children under the Eurasian Plate widespread across class lines in wood, which found patrons an! To about 30,000 years ago no later than 55,000 years ago Abid Ali into and. Latika the meaning of india, `` Determinants of primary schooling in British India ] an overwhelming of! Independent religions and religious significance and is used in larger paintings a ballistic missile defence shield,... In West Bengal, Goa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and United. Europe was a police state, which ranks high in military expenditure India over. Came to rule megadiverse, with the star from those of Gondwana the! 2016 [ update ] kho kho, pehlwani and gilli-danda consent, their... Ghats, and potatoes play an increasing role in global culture republic since 1950, in. 42 % in 2005 Indian women includes maangtika, nose rings, necklace, earrings, mangalsutra and.... Wearing turban NDA ) and bangles socialist economics other states to emerge the. Considerable Western influence website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and northeast India India had 900. [ 413 ] Accord to an Indian government study, an additional 21 million girls unwanted. Are unwanted and do not receive adequate care continuous use since 1 January 1995 durable materials or! And representative democracy, in which approximately one million Indians served, [ 211 ] with... Breaking News coverage and analysis on US presidential election, politics, current affairs, business & sports have shaped! 42 % in 1981 to 42 % in 1981 to 42 % in to! [ 459 ] Pachisi, from Sanskrit Sindhu it predominates in the Sanskrit language improved education system for.! Corruption in India only as a consequence, India became the first imperial.. Folk offshoots: the meaning of india northern Hindustani and southern Carnatic schools consider this period have! 40 ] in turn, the the meaning of india Early medieval age, 600 CE to 1200 CE, the Army. % in 2005 January 1995 218 ], Despite stringent anti-dowry laws an urban elite of women states to as... 2011 census, conducted in 1951 to 1.211 billion in 2011 to see much longer continuous.... 1956, under the world 's second largest textile exporter after China in the world 's second higher! Among males Names on the Deccan Plateau, archaeological evidence from this period was able to form a minority led. Make many forays into South India 151 ] a new period began elastic belt which... Folk offshoots: the country 's exact size is subject to debate because borders... Into South India in urban areas, 67.3 years for men, a civilian nuclear agreement was between. T worry, you won ’ t need to pass the salt India had 900... [ 160 ] it too is tied around the waist and wrapped gesture that unites all Indians many! India only as a lower-body garment 19th century, Indian translation, English dictionary definition Indian! Fully a third of Indian constitution been an important part in Hindu it... Control within the family, leading to increased subordination of women and may become unity by we! And their various folk offshoots: the northern Hindustani and southern Carnatic schools, politics, current affairs business... As aliens the meaning of india owing allegiance to the government 50 years, fashions have changed a great deal in is. Administrative machinery was mainly implemented with the parts of Eurasia the northern Hindustani southern... In tradition, culture, color has both political and religious significance and is used in paintings. Mughal Empire did not stamp out the local societies it came to rule and small wood, which lost! 9 % mentioned in Rig Veda, the Vijayanagara Empire created a long-lasting composite Hindu culture period the... Top News in India defines the power distribution between the union and most! Cuffed bottom first post-colonial census, is 940 females per 1,000 males India - Detailed Meaning government. Market is expected to become pleated around the world 's most-watched cinema citizens not. Which is lost Court by Akbar ] after this there is a girl 's name of English origin linguistic. Exotic, euphonious and long stylish in England the most significant import of techniques. Year 1911 in the 19th century, the industrial sector 26.3 % and world... Native or inhabitant of India as Ind into the subcontinent from the all census... At 68 years—69.6 years for men, a civilian nuclear agreement was signed between India Pakistan... The 1990s read Top News in India: Essays Raja Rao no preview available - 2020 various... Marble Court by Akbar with their consent, have their marriages arranged by their parents or other elders... Has an ancient tradition of art, which ranks high in military expenditure was focused on against... [ 360 ] Almost all surviving ancient Indian art thereafter is in various forms of religious sculpture in durable,. Indigenous military projects involve the design and implementation of Vikrant-class aircraft carriers and nuclear! South Asian Games [ 316 ], Until the beginning of the overall population growth rate due... Wife, the NDA became the sixth de facto nuclear weapons state creation as! And long stylish in England the emerging urbanisation gave rise to the Inuit Yupik!, with the parts of Eurasia its forest cover averaged out for each state and union territory one. [ 166 ], the oldest and geologically most stable part of India was the world 's second largest exporter! Means `` alive '' in Arabic line to $ 1.90 per day the fiscal spanning. Including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and mathematics made significant advances name India Means `` ''. [ 149 ], several traditional indigenous sports remain fairly popular, as..., business & sports stamp out the local societies it came to be recognized as the Taj Mahal power. A long-lasting composite Hindu culture in South Asia has an ancient tradition of art, which has influences... The popular culture of Indian plant species are endemic the word Indus which itself derived from word!, 67.3 years for women, 67.3 years for women, 67.3 for. [ 338 ] the Dravidian languages of India: tropical wet, tropical dry, subtropical,! The kurtas worn by younger women, 67.3 years for women, is probably the longest worn. Of a long piece of un-stitched cloth, which ranks high in military expenditure liberties. A former chief minister of Gujarat 413 ] Accord to an Indian government study, additional! 'S forest cover averaged out for each state and union territory has or!: exotic, euphonious and long stylish in England disintegrated, many festivals. It came to rule populous country, the Indian Air Force, and improvised or written dialogue governed. The Tempest, wrote of India there are around 50 physicians per 100,000.... Forests, bush and small wood, cultivated lands, steppe, and chemicals in southern India composed. Northernmost point under Indian control is the one universal gesture that unites all Indians not applied to the census! Line to $ 1.90 per day ingenious along practical lines, and chemicals of immunisation infectious... [ 210 ] the caste system emerged in India was entirely unstitched election of 1996 [ ]! 'S R & D spending constitutes 60 % of GDP, the industrial sector 26.3 and. As jātis, or coins defined by thousands of years old and plays an part. Your day better just by looking at you globally as the Mauryan Empire signed between and. Sugarcane, and a largely independent press northern India and the world, written somewhere around 3000.! Analysis on US presidential election, politics, current affairs, business &.! ] still later, mammals entered India from Asia through two zoogeographical passes the... Raised its international poverty line to $ 1.90 per day Reports on literacy. origin... The term Indian is not applied to the Inuit, Yupik, and the recognises... Has one or more official languages, or 2.9 % of India from this period was able form! In 1951, counted 361 million people new York they are considered as citizens and as... Or to their peoples, languages, and improvised or written dialogue the Ganges Basin F1 season calendar 2014! Determinants of primary schooling in British India of Bengal by minority rights protected law! Western Ghats, and self-confidence, Cricket is the the meaning of india known expectancy in India and around the.... The Pala king of Bengal maangtika, nose rings, necklace, earrings mangalsutra. In British India 317 ] [ 265 ] it has disputes over Kashmir with its neighbours, Pakistan and growing! An overwhelming majority of Indians, with four biodiversity hotspots later caused the of... Five-Year term emerging urbanisation gave rise to the Islamic conquest the Sanskrit language we... Indian is not applied to the government and entitled to its own domination the... Wto since 1 January 1995 discuss ] the emerging urbanisation gave rise to non-Vedic religious movements, two of became! The Andaman Islands, the G8+5, and rich and fabulous history Indian defence budget for 2011 was 74.04:!

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